Scaling and Root Planing: Deep Cleaning for Healthy Gums
Scaling and root planing is a non-surgical periodontal treatment designed to remove the primary causes of gum and bone inflammation—namely dental plaque and tartar (calculus). This procedure thoroughly cleans the periodontium, making it highly effective for patients with gingivitis (mild gum inflammation) and moderate to severe periodontal disease.
Why Scaling and Root Planing May Be Needed
Scaling and root planing can serve both as a preventive measure and as a stand-alone treatment for individuals suffering from gum disease. Key reasons for treatment include:
Disease Prevention:
Oral bacteria responsible for periodontal infections can enter the bloodstream, potentially affecting other parts of the body. Research links periodontal bacteria to heart disease, lung infections, and other systemic conditions. By removing these bacteria, scaling and root planing help stop the progression of gum disease and protect overall health.
Tooth Protection:
When gum pockets exceed 3mm in depth, harmful bacteria can thrive and trigger chronic inflammation, eventually damaging both gum and bone tissue. Periodontal disease is a leading cause of tooth loss in adults, and early intervention with scaling and root planing helps preserve natural teeth.
Aesthetic Benefits:
Deep cleaning removes tartar and plaque both above and below the gumline, improving the appearance of teeth. Superficial stains are often eliminated during the procedure, leaving a cleaner, brighter smile.
Improved Breath:
Persistent bad breath (halitosis) is a common sign of periodontal disease. Scaling and root planing eliminate food debris and bacteria, promoting fresher breath.
What to Expect During Scaling and Root Planing
These treatments are performed after a thorough examination, which may include X-rays, visual inspection, and periodontal measurements.
Local anesthetic may be used depending on the severity of gum disease, depth of pockets, and amount of tartar present.
Scaling:
Using specialized dental instruments, including ultrasonic scalers, the dentist removes plaque and tartar from the tooth surfaces and roots. Irrigation may also be used to deliver antimicrobial agents below the gumline to reduce bacterial levels.
Root Planing:
This process smooths the root surfaces by removing infected cementum and dentin containing bacteria and toxins. Smooth root surfaces promote healing and make it harder for bacteria to reattach in the future.
Following treatment, antibiotics may be applied to gum pockets to reduce inflammation and encourage rapid healing.
During a follow-up appointment, the dentist or hygienist will re-examine the gums. If pockets still measure greater than 3mm, additional or more intensive treatments may be recommended.
Scaling and root planing is a highly effective method for managing periodontal disease, protecting your teeth, and improving oral health.
For any questions or concerns about scaling, root planing, or gum disease, contact your dentist today.