Fluoride and Tooth Decay Prevention
Fluoride is one of the most effective agents for preventing tooth decay. This naturally occurring mineral is found in varying amounts in most foods and water sources. Its benefits have been recognized for over 50 years and are supported by leading health and professional organizations.
How fluoride works
- Topical fluoride: Strengthens erupted teeth by penetrating the enamel surface, making them more resistant to decay. Sources include fluoride toothpaste, mouth rinses, and gels. Dentists often recommend professional fluoride applications twice a year for children during checkups.
- Systemic fluoride: Strengthens both developing and erupted teeth. It is obtained from food, community water supplies, and fluoride supplements (drops, tablets, or gels) prescribed by a dentist or physician. Drops are typically recommended for infants, while tablets are more suitable for children and teens. Careful monitoring is important, as excessive intake during development can cause fluorosis (white spots on teeth).
When additional fluoride may be recommended
Your dentist or hygienist may suggest home or professional fluoride treatments if you have:
- Deep pits and grooves on chewing surfaces
- Exposed or sensitive root surfaces
- Fair to poor oral hygiene
- Frequent sugar or carbohydrate intake
- Inadequate exposure to fluoride
- Reduced saliva flow from medical conditions, treatments, or medications
- A recent history of dental decay
Important reminder: Fluoride is highly effective but works best as part of a complete oral care routine. Brushing twice daily, flossing regularly, eating a balanced diet, limiting sugary snacks, and scheduling routine dental visits are all essential for maintaining a healthy smile.