Endodontics: Saving the Natural Tooth
Endodontics is a specialized area of dentistry focused on the inner structures of the teeth, including the pulp, nerves, and blood vessels. The term comes from the Greek words meaning “inside the tooth.” Endodontists receive advanced training beyond dental school to perform both routine and complex procedures, most notably root canal therapy.
In the past, teeth with diseased nerves were often extracted, but modern endodontic techniques allow dentists to preserve the natural tooth. Removing the damaged pulp and sealing the space with a crown restores both function and health.
Signs and Symptoms of Endodontic Problems
- Gum inflammation and tenderness
- Sensitivity to hot or cold foods and beverages
- Pain when chewing or biting
- Tooth discoloration
- Unexplained discomfort in nearby lymph nodes
Reasons for Endodontic Treatment
The main goal of endodontic therapy is to save the natural tooth, which remains the best option for long-term oral health. Common causes of inner tooth damage include:
Bacterial infections: Oral bacteria can infiltrate the pulp through cavities or cracks, causing inflammation, infection, and potentially abscess formation.
Fractures and chips: Significant damage to the tooth surface may expose the pulp, requiring root canal therapy to prevent pain and further complications.
Injuries: Trauma to the teeth—such as luxation (dislodgement) or impact injuries—may necessitate stabilization and subsequent endodontic treatment.
Tooth avulsion (complete removal): If a tooth is knocked out, it should be rinsed and placed back in the socket immediately, or stored in milk or a special dental solution until emergency treatment. A splint is used to stabilize the tooth, and root canal therapy is performed to save it.
What an Endodontic Procedure Involves
Root canal therapy typically requires one to three visits. The procedure begins with a full set of X-rays to evaluate the tooth.
- Anesthesia and isolation: Local anesthetic is applied, and a dental dam is placed to keep the area dry.
- Access and pulp removal: An opening is made in the tooth, and the infected or damaged pulp is carefully removed using specialized instruments.
- Cleaning and shaping: The empty canals are cleaned, shaped, and disinfected.
- Filling the canal: Gutta-percha, a rubber-like biocompatible material, is used to fill the canals, and cement is applied to seal them completely.
- Temporary or permanent restoration: A temporary filling is often placed until a final restoration or crown is fitted, which fully restores the tooth’s function and appearance.
If you have questions or concerns about endodontic treatments or root canal therapy, please contact our office. Preserving your natural teeth is our top priority.